矮个子
说谎岛上的运动会
当逻辑博士访问说谎岛时，该岛正在举行第50届夏季运动会。大会主席给
100米赛跑的第一、二、三名发奖时，逻辑博士正好在现场。博士向两个看热闹
的岛民问道：“你们两位是什么族的？”听了博士的问话后，这两个人互相指着
对方说：“他是两面族的。”这时，博士又继续问道：“100米比赛跑第一名的
人是哪个族的？”“诚实族的。”高个子岛民回答说。“不，是说谎族的。”这
是矮个子岛民的回答。逻辑博士再问：“跑第二名的是哪个族的人呢？”高个子
的岛民回答说：“两面族的。”矮个子岛民说：“诚实族的。”“那么，跑第三
名的人呢？”逻辑博士又问道。“说谎族的。”这是高个子的回答。“两面族的。”
这是矮个子的回答。
根据这两个岛民的回答，你能说出这两位观众是什么族的吗？获得100米赛
跑的第一、二、三名，又各是什么族吗？
下列描述正确的是()。
A.体重：适重最重要
B.身高：长寿者矮个子居多
C.性别：女性寿命高于男性寿命
D.遗传：基因占长寿因素的85%
矮个子说：“浓缩的都是精华”；头发稀少的人说：“热闹的马路不长草，聪明的脑袋不长毛”。这表现出他们的
A．乐观 B．自卑 C．自负 D．知耻
A.测评标准刚性最强
B.整个测评特别强调区分功用
C.测评指标具有选拔性
D.整个测评过程特别强调客观性
A．全民运动有很大的发展空间
B．矮个子的平凡人也能成为篮球明星
C．大城市的平民运动发展较快
D．全民运动能够帮助普通人实现自己的梦想
今时今日，全民运动是一门大生意。杭州有公司策划了1米88以下才可以参加的篮球联赛，矮个子的平凡人也可以成为篮球明星；上海有公司策划了上海企业世界杯，让老总们带着员工披挂上阵，靠体力而不是股票决一胜负；北京有公司策划了户外梦想实现计划，让终日在电脑前为工作效命的白领精英找到属于自己梦想的户外计划，最终和队友一起，在大自然中完成对自己生活观念的挑战。
这段文字意在说明（）。
A．全民运动有很大的发展空间
B．矮个子的平凡人也能成为篮球明星
C．大城市的平民运动发展较快
D．全民运动能够帮助普通人实现自己的梦想
身高只有一米六零，他是世界上最著名的矮个子篮球运动员。他曾经说过：“篮球不只是让那些高个子打的，也是给那些喜欢它的人们打的。”★他爱打篮球。（ ）
A、对
B、错
大并列关系，是指两个事物同属于一个属，并且把整个集合全部占满的情况，即在一个属下面只有两个种的情况。
根据上述定义．下列属于大并列关系的一组是：
A.直角三角形和非直角三角形
B.高个子和矮个子
C.正数和负数
D.黑色和白色
李老师刚走到门口，就听到小明在班里大喊“李矮子来了！”李老师立马说道：“矮个子的李老师又给大家送知识来了！希望大家知识与个子一起增长，不要让知识追不上个子哦！”李老师采用了（）教育方式。
A、冷静沉着
B、重在教育
C、因势利导
D、批评惩罚
若想子女长得高大，父母便要经常拥抱他们。因为感受不到被人爱的儿童。生长激素分泌较少。由此可以推出()。
A.父母可将拥抱作为长高来加以推广
B.不经常拥抱子女是不爱子女的表现
C.人的某些心理感受会影响自身的生理变化
D.高个子儿童比矮个子儿童更多受到父母的拥抱
定义：（1）全概率命题是其真实性的概率为100%的命题。
（2）大概率命题是其真实性概率较高，通常在50%以上的命题。
（3）辨证命题是若联言命题的两个支命题都是条件命题，而这两个联言支的后设彼此之间具有矛盾或反对关系。
典型例证：（1）人要吃东西才能长期生存。
（2）如果被害者的财物完整无缺，则凶手作案的动机就不是图财害命。
（3）他既是一个高个子，又是一个矮个子。（）
A.0个
B.1个
C.2个
D.3个
定义：
①全概率命题是其真实性的概率为100%的命题。
②大概率命题是其真实性概率较高，通常在50%以上的命题。
③辩证命题是著联言命题的两个支命题都是条件命题，而这两个联言支的后设彼此之间具有才盾或反对关系。
典型例证：
(1)人要吃东西才能长期生存
(2)如果被害者的财物完整无缺，则凶手作案的动机就不是图财害命(3)他既是一个高个子，又是一个矮个子
上述典型与定义存在对应关系的数目有（）。
A．O个
B．1个
C．2个
D．3个
蓓蓓理想中的丈夫是三高：高个子，高收入，高学历。她结识了甲乙丙丁四个男朋友，其中只有一人同时具备三高。此外，这四个人中：只有三个人是高个子，只有两个人是高收入，只有一个人是高学历。每个人至少具备一高。甲和乙的收入一样高。乙和丙的个子一样高。丙和丁的个子不是一种类型（即如果丙是高个子，则丁是矮个子，反之亦然)。依据以上的叙述，可得出以下哪项结论？
A．甲同时具备三高。
B．乙同时具备三高。
C．丙同时具备三高。
D．题干中缺乏足够的信息来确定谁同时具备三高。
E．题干中包含互相矛盾的信息。
Thediscovery of a dwarfed（矮个子）"humanbeing"who lived in Flores,Indonesia,up to 18,000 years ago is changingthe way we think about the human family.This"Flores Human"was threefoot tall and her brain was smaller than that of the average chimp（黑猩猩）,yet she and her relatives apparently lived fully human lives.They seem to have made tools,worked together to find food and cook it,andperhaps even burried their dead with ceremony.
It was a major surprise to find tools associated with the newhuman family member.The tools are like those formerly seen only with Europeanfossils（化石）from our own species;Homo sapiens（智人）;and the oldest of them were made 9,400 years ago.Homo sapiens isthought to have arrived in the island about 4,000 years ago,much too late tobe responsible for the tools.If this tiny human made the tools,then theinside structure（结构）of its brain must have been morelike our own than a chimp′s,despite being just a third the size of ours.
This"new human"was suspected to be a dwarfed branch ofHomo erectus（直立人,）.When creatures are separated in regionswith rare resources but few enemies,being big is a disadvantage,and evolutiontends to shrink them,a process known as island dwarfing.Could naturalselection make a human smaller while keeping--even improving--mental ability?Quite possibly,believes Christopher Wills of the University of California.
Has the"Flores Human"even shown the ability oflanguage?"I find it difficult to imagine that people could make tools,use fire,and kill large animals without fairly advanced communication,"Wills says.Did"Flores Human"possess the basic components of humanculture--such as the burying of the dead with ceremony?Emiliano Bruner of theItalian Institute points out that Indonesia′s hot,wet environment is bad forfossilization.It is reasonable to assume,he says,that the 18,000-year-oldbones of the most complete Flores woman were well-preserved because she wasburied with special care.
According to the passage,"Flores Human"__
A.lived a partly human life
B.was a branch of Homo sapiens
C.used tools before Homo sapiens arrived
D.had a brain as large as a commonchimp's
Thediscovery of a dwarfed（矮个子）"humanbeing"who lived in Flores,Indonesia,up to 18,000 years ago is changingthe way we think about the human family.This"Flores Human"was threefoot tall and her brain was smaller than that of the average chimp（黑猩猩）,yet she and her relatives apparently lived fully human lives.They seem to have made tools,worked together to find food and cook it,andperhaps even burried their dead with ceremony.
It was a major surprise to find tools associated with the newhuman family member.The tools are like those formerly seen only with Europeanfossils（化石）from our own species;Homo sapiens（智人）;and the oldest of them were made 9,400 years ago.Homo sapiens isthought to have arrived in the island about 4,000 years ago,much too late tobe responsible for the tools.If this tiny human made the tools,then theinside structure（结构）of its brain must have been morelike our own than a chimp′s,despite being just a third the size of ours.
This"new human"was suspected to be a dwarfed branch ofHomo erectus（直立人,）.When creatures are separated in regionswith rare resources but few enemies,being big is a disadvantage,and evolutiontends to shrink them,a process known as island dwarfing.Could naturalselection make a human smaller while keeping--even improving--mental ability?Quite possibly,believes Christopher Wills of the University of California.
Has the"Flores Human"even shown the ability oflanguage?"I find it difficult to imagine that people could make tools,use fire,and kill large animals without fairly advanced communication,"Wills says.Did"Flores Human"possess the basic components of humanculture--such as the burying of the dead with ceremony?Emiliano Bruner of theItalian Institute points out that Indonesia′s hot,wet environment is bad forfossilization.It is reasonable to assume,he says,that the 18,000-year-oldbones of the most complete Flores woman were well-preserved because she wasburied with special care.
According to the passage,it isbelieved that"Flores Human"__
A.was dwarfed by its enemies
B.could use language
C.left a lot of fossils in the hot andwet environment
D.reached Flores 40,000 years ago
Thediscovery of a dwarfed（矮个子）"humanbeing"who lived in Flores,Indonesia,up to 18,000 years ago is changingthe way we think about the human family.This"Flores Human"was threefoot tall and her brain was smaller than that of the average chimp（黑猩猩）,yet she and her relatives apparently lived fully human lives.They seem to have made tools,worked together to find food and cook it,andperhaps even burried their dead with ceremony.
It was a major surprise to find tools associated with the newhuman family member.The tools are like those formerly seen only with Europeanfossils（化石）from our own species;Homo sapiens（智人）;and the oldest of them were made 9,400 years ago.Homo sapiens isthought to have arrived in the island about 4,000 years ago,much too late tobe responsible for the tools.If this tiny human made the tools,then theinside structure（结构）of its brain must have been morelike our own than a chimp′s,despite being just a third the size of ours.
This"new human"was suspected to be a dwarfed branch ofHomo erectus（直立人,）.When creatures are separated in regionswith rare resources but few enemies,being big is a disadvantage,and evolutiontends to shrink them,a process known as island dwarfing.Could naturalselection make a human smaller while keeping--even improving--mental ability?Quite possibly,believes Christopher Wills of the University of California.
Has the"Flores Human"even shown the ability oflanguage?"I find it difficult to imagine that people could make tools,use fire,and kill large animals without fairly advanced communication,"Wills says.Did"Flores Human"possess the basic components of humanculture--such as the burying of the dead with ceremony?Emiliano Bruner of theItalian Institute points out that Indonesia′s hot,wet environment is bad forfossilization.It is reasonable to assume,he says,that the 18,000-year-oldbones of the most complete Flores woman were well-preserved because she wasburied with special care.
The underlined part"this tinyhuman"in Paragraph 2 refers to__
A.a chimp
B.Flores Human
C.Homo sapiens
D.Homo erectus
Thediscovery of a dwarfed（矮个子）"humanbeing"who lived in Flores,Indonesia,up to 18,000 years ago is changingthe way we think about the human family.This"Flores Human"was threefoot tall and her brain was smaller than that of the average chimp（黑猩猩）,yet she and her relatives apparently lived fully human lives.They seem to have made tools,worked together to find food and cook it,andperhaps even burried their dead with ceremony.
It was a major surprise to find tools associated with the newhuman family member.The tools are like those formerly seen only with Europeanfossils（化石）from our own species;Homo sapiens（智人）;and the oldest of them were made 9,400 years ago.Homo sapiens isthought to have arrived in the island about 4,000 years ago,much too late tobe responsible for the tools.If this tiny human made the tools,then theinside structure（结构）of its brain must have been morelike our own than a chimp′s,despite being just a third the size of ours.
This"new human"was suspected to be a dwarfed branch ofHomo erectus（直立人,）.When creatures are separated in regionswith rare resources but few enemies,being big is a disadvantage,and evolutiontends to shrink them,a process known as island dwarfing.Could naturalselection make a human smaller while keeping--even improving--mental ability?Quite possibly,believes Christopher Wills of the University of California.
Has the"Flores Human"even shown the ability oflanguage?"I find it difficult to imagine that people could make tools,use fire,and kill large animals without fairly advanced communication,"Wills says.Did"Flores Human"possess the basic components of humanculture--such as the burying of the dead with ceremony?Emiliano Bruner of theItalian Institute points out that Indonesia′s hot,wet environment is bad forfossilization.It is reasonable to assume,he says,that the 18,000-year-oldbones of the most complete Flores woman were well-preserved because she wasburied with special care.
This passage mainly talks about__
A.the tools made by"FloresHuman"
B.the language used by"FloresHuman"
C.the evolution of"FloresHuman"
D.the major surprising findings about"Flores Human"
阅读。
盲人摸象
四个盲人很想知道大象是什么样子，可他们看不见，只好用手摸。胖盲人先摸到了大象的牙齿。他就说：“我知道了，大象就像一个又大、又粗、又光滑的大萝卜。”高个子盲人摸到的是大象的耳朵。“不对，不对，大象明明是一把大蒲扇嘛！”他大叫起来。“你们净瞎说，大象只是根大柱子。”原来矮个子盲人摸到了大象的腿。而那位年老的盲人呢，却嘟囔：“唉，大象哪有那么大，它只不过是一根草绳。”四个盲人争吵不休，都说自己摸到的才是大象真正的样子。而实际上呢？他们一个也没说对。1．短文共有（）句话。2．四个人摸到的分别是大象的___\_、____\_、____\_、________。3．填空。一（）萝卜 一（）蒲扇 一（）柱子 一（）草绳4．选择正确的答案在后面打“√”。（1）这个故事告诉我们大象的样子像萝卜。（）（2）这个故事告诉我们大象的样子像蒲扇。（）（3）这个故事告诉我们大象的样子像柱子。（）（4）这个故事告诉我们大象的样子像草绳。（）（5）他们一个也没说对。（）