下列（）做法不符合食品制售的卫生要求。

A、食品在遮阳伞下出售无需再遮盖

B、食品在室内出售

C、食品出售时有遮盖

D、食品制售间内有防尘、防鼠、防蝇设施

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• 共用题干第一篇
  A Sunshade（遮阳伞）for the Planet
  Even with the best will in the world,reducing our carbon emissions is not going to prevent global warming. It has become clear that even if we take the most strong measures to control emissions, the uncertainties in our climate models still leave open the possibility of extreme warming and rises in sea level. At the same time,resistance by governments and special interest groups makes it quite possible that the actions suggested by climate scientists might not be implemented soon enough.
  Fortunately,if the worst comes to the worst,scientists still have a few tricks up their sleeves. For the most part they have strongly resisted discussing these options for fear of inviting a sense of complacency that might thwart efforts to tackle the root of the problem. Until now,that is a growing number of researchers are taking a fresh look at large-scale"geoengineering"projects that might be used to counteract global warming."I use the analogy of methadone,"says Stephen Schneider,a climate researcher at Stanford University in California who was among the first to draw attention to global warming."If you have a heroin addict,the correct treatment is hospitalization,and a long rehab. But if they absolutely refuse,methadone is better than heroin."
  Basically the idea is to apply"sunscreen"to the whole planet. One astronomer has come up with a radical plan to cool Earth:launch trillions of feather-light discs into space,where they would form a vast cloud that would block the sun's rays.It's controversial,but recent studies suggest there are ways to deflect just enough of the sunlight reaching the Earth's surface to counteract the warming produced by the greenhouse effect. Global climate models show that blocking just 1.8 percent of the incident energy in the sun's rays would cancel out the warming effects produced by a doubling of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.That could be crucial,because even the most severe emissions control measures being proposed would leave us with a doubling of carbon dioxide by the end of this century,and that would last for at least a century more. What is NOT true of the effectiveness of"sunscreen",according to the last paragraph?A:It deflects sunlight reaching the Earth to counteract the warming.B:It blocks the incident energy in the sun's rays.C:It is a controversial method.D:It decreases greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

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• 沙滩排球比赛规模较小、时间较短、观赏性较强。观看沙滩排球比赛时，可以使用遮阳伞吗？

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• 阅读下面的短文，回答下列五道题。
  “温室效应”与“阳伞效应”
  在近百万年的地球气温变迁中，严寒的冰河期和温暖的间冰期曾交替出现。在冰河期，陆地冰川遍地，海水相对减少，海平面比今天要低100～145米。而在间冰期，冰川融化，海平面比今天要高15～30米。今天，人类居住的地球冰河尚未完全消失，可认为是处于冰河期的末尾。现在令人关注的是：地球今后是继续变暖使冰河期彻底结束而迎接间冰期到来呢？还是再次从寒冷又进入一个新的冰河期？人类对此虽尚难以预测，但“温室效应”和“阳伞效应”能给我们提供某些启示。
  人类对地球气温变化的干预能力虽然极其渺小，但因为地球表面温度的平衡是以十分微妙的力学关系来维持的，只要对它施以较少的能量，就有打破热平衡的可能。人类活动可使大气中的二氧化碳、尘埃、水汽等增加，改变大气的成分，也能影响大气的透明度和热能辐射，从而导致地球气温发生变化。而导致地球气温变化的主导因素，是“温室效应”和“阳伞效应”。
  地球外围大气层中的二氧化碳，能够投射太阳短波辐射，使热能容易到达地球表面；而对地面的长波辐射又有极强的吸收能力，即能将地球释放的热能截留在二氧化碳层内，不致逸入宇宙空间，同时通过逆反射又将热能返回地面。所以大气中二氧化碳浓度稍有增加，就会导致地面温度上升，全球气温变暖，即为“温室效应”。
  而“阳伞效应”实质上是大气中人为尘埃的气候效应。大气中除火山爆发等自然原因产生尘埃外，人为因素产生的尘埃日益增加。随着人口的增长和工业的发展，通过工厂、交通工具和家庭炉灶及焚烧垃圾等产生的烟尘、废气，正越来越多地散发着大量的微尘离子，造成大气污染。对大气尘埃的气候效应，一般认为微尘能把阳光反射回宇宙空间，从而减少和削弱到达地面的辐射能，这样使地球表面温度降低。大气尘埃所起的这种“遮阳伞”的作用称为“阳伞效应”。此外，尘埃还有吸湿特性，可把周围的水汽凝结在自身表面，促进和增加层云雾的形成。云雾又能阻挡和减少太阳辐射到达地面，也可使地面降温。如果大气污染使下层云量增加到一定限度时，就会使冰河期再现。
  综上可看出，当__因人为的因素而被打破时，就会导致地球气候的急剧变化。但这其中是“温室效应”作用强，还是“阳伞效应”影响大，人们还难以定论。许多科学家认为地球正在变暖，这样会导致冰川融化；而也有些气象学家根据多方面的气象资料分析，认为地球将进一步变冷，可能面临着一个新的小冰河期的到来。对于这一全球性的气温问题，到底是正在变暖还是逐渐变冷，科学家们正在积极探索之中。
  （节选自杨叔子主编《探索未知世界》，哈尔滨工业大学出版社，2005，有删改)
  下列关于人类活动与全球气温变化关系的说法，表述最准确的是：
  A．人类对地球气温变化的干预能力极其渺小。
  B．人类活动可使大气中的二氧化碳、尘埃、水汽等增加，改变大气的成分，从而造成局部气温的变化。
  C．人类活动通过改变大气的成分打破地球的热平衡，从而导致全球气温的变化。
  D．人类活动造成“温室效应”和“阳伞效应”，直接导致全球气候的剧烈变化。

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• 患者，女性，28岁，全身关节痛，面部有蝶形斑，表面可见鳞屑，血抗Sm抗体（+)。护士为患者进行皮肤护理的相关指导正确的是

  A、经常晒太阳

  B、外出穿长袖上衣和长裤，戴帽子或撑遮阳伞

  C、每日用酒精擦洗皮损处2次

  D、每日用肥皂清洗皮肤

  E、勤洗头发

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