A person who studies （ ）learns how to express numbers approximately and how to calculate ratios and averages.
A.static B.statistic C.statistics D.status
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Scarcely had they settle themselves in their seats in the theater （ ）the curtain went up.
A.than B.when C.before D.as -
t="" produce="" a="" movie="" simulating="" fight="" on="" the="" screen="" in="" real="" time”，="" says="" weidhaas.="" there="" is="" way="" around="" problem:="" two="" movies="" have="" been="" made="" using="" still="" pictures="" generated="" by="" computer="" as="" individual="" frames.="" “the="" results="" were="" impressive,”="" lie="" says,="" “bat="" it="" was:="" cumbersome="" to="" do.="" at="" twenty-four="" frames="" per="" second,="" takes="" fourteen="" hundred="" separate="" images,="" make="" one-minute="" film.”="" another="" limitations:="" can="" access="" only="" enough="" memory="" cover="" 15-mile="" square="" area.="" an="" “observer”="" high="" up="" will="" see="" blank="" spaces="" beyond="" those="" limits.Weidhaas wants to add information about what overlies the terrain-cities, vegetation, roads; and so on. “Making the image as realistic as possibly will make our advice more effective he says, “and might lead to uses we haven't thought of yet.”1.As used in the first paragraph, terrain most clearly means （ ）.2.Livermore’s computer map, in combination with weather report, might be useful in predicting （ ）.3.The information used by the computer to make its detailed maps （ ）.I. was gathered by the Defense Department and the U.S. Geological SurveyII. shows points roughly 200 feet apart.III. involves altitude measurements.4.Which of the following is the best description of ray tracing?5.Information about cities, vegetation, and road overlying the terrain（ ）.'>
Imagine an accident in which a nuclear power plant releases radioactive gas. The cloud starts moving with the wind. Clearly the authorities will want to evacuate anyone in its path, but what is that path? Local wind information is meaningless without information about terrain; a mountain range or series of valleys can divert both wind and gas in unpredictable directions.To make “downwind” a useful term, scientists at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory have put United States on a computer, the entire United States — every hill, every valley, every mile of seashore. Within minutes of a disaster, they can give meteorologists a context for weather data, and thus the ability to predict how toxic gases might spread.The database for this computer map is a series of altitude measurements, made over many years by the Defense Department and the U.S. Geological Survey. They represent the height above sea level of over a billion separate points — a grid of points 200 feet apart, spanning the country. Armed with these data, plus a program that manipulates them, a Cray-1 computer can produce an image of any piece of terrain, seen from any angle, illuminated by an imaginary sun atany time of day placing the “observer” at any altitude from zero to 40,000 feet.“We use a technique called ray tracing” says Patrick Weidhass, one of the Livermore computer scientists who wrote the program. The computer is told where the observer is. The program traces an imaginary ray from there outward until it “ intersects" with one of the points of altitude reworded in the machines memory. The computer them puts a lot of color at the proper place on the screen, and the program traces another ray.At its highest resolution of 2,000 horizontal and 1,700 vertical dots per picture, the computer has to trace several million rays. Even on the Cray, the most powerful computer in the world, this takes about a minute. Reducing the resolution to 400- 300 (a TV screen has 800 x 700)speeds it up to about eight seconds. "We can't produce a movie simulating fight on the screen in real time”， says Weidhaas. There is a way around the problem: Two movies have been made using still pictures generated by the computer as individual frames. “The results were impressive,” lie says, “bat it was: cumbersome to do. At twenty-four frames per second, it takes fourteen hundred separate computer images, to make a one-minute film.” Another limitations: The computer can access only enough memory to cover a 15-mile square area. An “observer” high up will see blank spaces beyond those limi
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The teacher told the students to stay in the classroom and they did （ ）.
A.absolutely B.accidentally C.accordingly D.accurately -
Charles Darwin’s “On the Origin of Species” is credited with sparking evolution’s revolutionAin scientific thought, but many observers had pondered evolution before him. It was understood Bthe idea’s significance and selling it to the public that made Darwin great, according to the ArnoldC DArboretum’s new director.
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"toothpaste...power9)="" are="" given="" to="" （="" ）. 3.Lines 16-18 (“The decision... bewildered”) serve primarily to （ ）. 4.In the last sentence, the word “simply” most nearly means （ ）. 5.The primary purpose of this passage as a whole is to（ ）.'>
The scientific method is the systematic pursuit of knowledge involving the identification of a problem, the collection of relevant data through observation and experimentation, and the formulation and testing of hypotheses that aim to solve the problem. Ever since the scientific method became a way of learning about nature, including ourselves, some people have hailed science as the only way to comprehend natural phenomena, while others have questioned whether it is an appropriate road to knowledge. As science and technology have grown, the questioning has deepened and expanded.This is not to say that so-called scientific evidence is not a good way to vouchsafe truth. Scientists’ testimonies are used to endorse everything from toothpaste to nuclear power; however, they are also used to challenge the very same things. And this is where it gets tricky: “Scientific” support can now be elicited on all sides of every question, so that the public is constantly forced to decide which scientists to believe.Where then is the vaunted objectivity of science? People are realizing that they must either develop criteria on which to make these decisions (and to do so for each important issue) or decide to disbelieve all scientific explanations and look for other ways of knowing. Incidentally, these other ways are sometimes no less empirical than the scientific ones. The decision to disbelieve all scientific explanations is not to be sneered at. The volume, contradictoriness, and limited comprehensibility of much scientific information leave most people bewildered.I am reminded of the comment Virginia Woolf attributes to the time-traveling character in her novel Orlando, who mused as she enters an elevator at Marshall and Snelgrove’s department store in London in 1928: “The very fabric of life now... is magic. In the eighteenth century, we knew how everything was done; but here I rise through the air; I listen to voices in America; I see men flying - but how it’s done, I can’t ever begin to wonder. So my belief in magic returns.”Not only the general public is ill at ease. Uneasy questions are being asked by scientists themselves. As one noted scientists has argued: The scientific community had lead a particularly unexamined life for a surprisingly long time, and may have accepted its unusual and, until recently, unquestioned status a little too easily. Indeed, in the last 25 years, in an effort to raise financial support at a rate nearly triple that of the rest of society, the scientific community may have promised too much too soon. Certainly it underestimated the demand for accountability.” And his scientist goes on: "In all humility, it must... be admitted that it is impossible to categorically deny that we may have reached a point where we must abandon the faith that [in all cases] knowledge is better than ignorance. We simply lack the ability to make accurate predictions.1.In lines 4-6 (“some people, knowledge”), the author does which of the following?2.The examples in lines 9-10 ('"toothpaste...power9) are given to （ ）.3.Lines 16-18 (“The decision... bewildered”) serve primarily to （ ）.4.In the last sentence, the word “simply” most nearly means （ ）.5.The primary purpose of this passage as a whole is to（ ）.
A.Rationalizes a behaviorB.Advocates a course of actionC.Presents opposing viewpointsD.Voices doubt about an approach
问题2：A.criticize the widespread acceptance of certain productsB.mock the gullibility of the public in scientific mattersC.enumerate a number of mundane activities in which scientists are involvedD.convey the range of issues to which science is considered relev