In most countries, the law on organ transplantation is poorly defined, as legislation has not yet been created to cope with this advance in surgery. The existing framework relating to physical assault and care of the dead has no provision for organ transplantation. It is customary to ask the permission of the relatives, but because organ removal must take place immediately after death, it may be impossible to reach the relatives in time. It has been suggested that there should be a widespread campaign to encourage persons to provide in their wills that their organs be used for transplantation. An alternative is to provide by law that permission is assumed unless removal has been forbidden by the individual in his lifetime. Such laws have been passed in Denmark, France, Sweden, Italy, and Israel. Compulsory postmortem examination, a far more extensive procedure than organ removal for grafting, is required in most countries after unexpected death, and this compulsion is not a matter of public concern and debate.There would seem to be no reason why organ removal for transplantation purposes should not also be acceptable to public opinion, provided there is a mechanism by which individuals in their lifetime can refuse this permission. This, of course, requires an efficient register of those who indicate their refusal; the register would be consulted before any organs would be removed. It is important that there be public reassurance that consideration of transplantation would not impair normal resuscitative efforts of the potential donor.Transplantation has obviously raised important ethical considerations concerning the diagnosis of death, and particularly, how far resuscitation should be continued. Every effort must be made to restore the heartbeat to someone who has had a sudden cardiac arrest or breathing to someone who cannot breathe. Artificial respiration and massage of the heart, the standard methods of resuscitation, are continued until it is clear that the brain is dead. Most physicians consider that beyond this point efforts at resuscitation are useless.1.According to the author, which of the following is NOT true?2.Which of the following is NOT a suggestion made in the passage?3.The word “impair” at the end of Paragraph 2 can be best replaced by（ ）.4.It is believed that efforts at resuscitation are useless when （ ）.5.Which of the following sentences can best sum up the passage?
A.Most countries do not have an effective law on organ transplantation B.The traditional ways of asking for permission of relatives for organ removal dos not proved to be always feasible C.It is hard to understand why people should remain silent on compulsory postmortem exam after unexpected death. D.In some countries these are laws providing that the permission of organ removal is taken for granted unless it has been refused by the person in his lifetime.
问题2：
A.People should be encouraged to donate their organs after death B.Organ removal should be permitted in the course of compulsory postmortem exam. C.Organ removal for transplantation should be advocated because it benefits the human society D.Organ removal for transplantation could be considered legal unless the dead person stated otherwise in his life time.
问题3：
A.neglect B.weaken C.come together with D.be superior to
问题4：
A.artificial respiration and massage of the heart have yielded no obvious result B.a person’s heartbeat and breath has totally stopped C.standard methods of resuscitation have failed D.the brain is certainly dead
问题5：
A.Legal and ethical problems of organ transplantation B.Some underlying principles on organ transplantation C.The diagnosis of death before organ transplantation D.The difference between compulsory postmortem exam and organ transplantation
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A.plot B.character C.diction D.thought
问题2：
A.action and life B.happiness and misery C.the thought of the characters D.Both A and B
问题3：
A.reversal of situation B.recognition scenes C.apprehension of its conclusion D.both A and B
问题4：
A.dull B.impossible C.ineffective D.lacking in emotional impact
问题5：
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