When global warming finally came, it stuck with a vengeance. In some regions, temperatures rose several degrees in less than a century. Sea levels shot up nearly 400 feet, flooding coastal settlements and forcing people to migrate inland. Deserts spread throughout the world as vegetation shifted drastically in North America, Europe and Asia. After driving many of the animals around them to near extinction, people were forced to abandon their old way of life for a radically new survival strategy that resulted in widespread starvation and disease. The adaptation was farming: the global-warming crisis that gave rise to it happened more than 10,000 years ago.As environmentalists convene in Rio de Janeiro this week to ponder the global climate of the future, earth scientists are in the midst of a revolution in understanding how climate has changed in the past and how those changes have transformed human existence. Researchers have begun to piece together an illuminating picture of the powerful geological and astronomical forces that have combined to change the planet’s environment from hot to cold, wet to dry and back again over a time period stretching back hundreds of millions of years.Most importantly, scientists are beginning to realize that the climatic changes have had a major impact on the evolution of the human species. New research now suggests that climate shifts have played a key role in nearly every significant turning point in human evolution: from the dawn of primates （灵长目动物）some 65 million years ago to human ancestors rising up to walk on two legs, from the huge expansion of the human brain to the rise of agriculture. Indeed, the human history has not been merely touched by global climate change, some scientists argue, it has in some instances been driven by it.The new research has profound implications for the environmental summit in Rio. Among other things, the findings demonstrate that dramatic climate change is nothing new for planet Earth. The benign （宜人的）global environment that has existed over the past 10,000 years—during which agriculture, writing, cities and most other features of civilization appeared—is a mere bright spot in a much larger pattern of widely varying climate over the ages. In fact, the pattern of climate change in the past reveals that Earth’s climate will almost certainly go through dramatic changes in the future—even without the influence of human activity.
1. Farming emerged as a survival strategy because man had been obliged（ ）.2. Earth scientists have come to understand that climate（ ）.3. Scientists believe that human evolution（ ）.4. Evidence of past climatic changes indicates that（ ）.5. The message the author wishes to convey in the passage is that（ ）.
A.to give up his former way of life B.to leave the coastal areas C.to follow the ever-shifting vegetation D.to abandon his original settlement问题2： A.is going through a fundamental change B.has been getting warmer for 10,000 years C.will eventually change from hot to cold D.has gone through periodical changes问题3： A.has seldom been accompanied by climatic changes B.has exerted little influence on climatic changes C.has largely been affected by climatic changes D.had had a major impact on climatic changes问题4： A.human activities have accelerated changes of Earth’s environment B.Earth’s environment will remain mild despite human interference C.Earth’s climate is bound to change significantly in the future D.Earth’s climate is unlikely to undergo substantial changes in the future问题5： A.human civilization remains glorious though it is affected by climatic changes B.mankind is virtually helpless in the face of the dramatic changes of climate C.man has to limit his activities to slow down the global warming process D.human civilization will continue to develop in spite of the changes of nature相关标签： 灵长目
相关问题推荐
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人类属于灵长目，灵长目出现于中生代。()
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In Sports, Red Is the Winning Color When opponents of a game are equally matched, the team dressed in red is more likely to win, according to a new study. British anthropologists Russell Hill and Robert Barton of the University of Durham reached that conclusion by studying the outcomes of boxing, tae kwon do, Greco-Roman wrestling (摔跤),and freestyle wrestling matches at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece. In each event, Olympic staff randomly assigned red or blue clothing or body protection to competitors. When competitors were equally matched with their opponent in fitness and skill, the athletes wearing red were more likely to win. "Where there was a large point difference — presumably because one athlete was far superior to the other — color had no effect on the outcome," Barton said. "Where there was a small point difference, the effect of color was sufficient to tip the balance.” Joanna Setchell, a primate (灵长目)researcher at the University of Cambridge in England, has found similar results in nature. Her work with the large African monkeys known as mandrills shows that red coloration gives males an advantage when it comes to mating. The finding that red also has an advantage in human sporting events does not surprise her, and she adds that "the idea of the study is very clever." Hill and Barton got the idea for their study from a mutual interest in primates — "red seems to be the color, across species, that signals male dominance," Barton said. For example, studies by Setchell, the Cambridge primate researcher, show that dominant male mandrills have increased red coloration in their faces and rumps (臀部). In another study, scientists put red plastic rings on the legs of male zebra finches (斑胸草雀), which increased the birds’ success in finding a mate. Barton said he and Hill speculated that "there might be a similar effect in humans.” Hill and Barton found their answer by viewing Olympic competitors in the ring, on the mat, and in the field. "Across a range of sports, we find that wearing red is consistently associated with a higher probability of winning, the researchers write. Barton adds that this discovery of red’s advantage might lead to new regulations on sports uniforms. In the Olympic matches he studied, for example, it is possible that some medal winners may have had an unintended advantage — their clothing!Many athletes oppose the new regulations on sports uniforms.
A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned -
Men live in society not because they are men, but because they are animals. The social way of life is a stage in the evolution of life prior to the appearance of the human race.What is distinctive about man is that he had developed social organization far more quickly than any other animal species, so that it is a giant step in complexity between the most elaborate non-human society and the most elementary society of men. Human society shares characteristics with animal societies; it is formed by a given population of individuals, all belonging to the same species. It shows an internal specialization of tasks. Individuals interact as members of the same species and possess one common language which sets them apart from other species. The level of population is perpetuated by means of biological reproduction and of constant struggle against the environment. Similarities like these became conspicuous when human social organization is compared with that of other primates (灵长目).
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When global warming finally came, it stuck with a vengeance. In some regions, temperatures rose several degrees in less than a century. Sea levels shot up nearly 400 feet, flooding coastal settlements and forcing people to migrate inland. Deserts spread throughout the world as vegetation shifted drastically in North America, Europe and Asia. After driving many of the animals around them to near extinction, people were forced to abandon their old way of life for a radically new survival strategy that resulted in widespread starvation and disease. The adaptation was farming: the global-warming crisis that gave rise to it happened more than 10,000 years ago.As environmentalists convene in Rio de Janeiro this week to ponder the global climate of the future, earth scientists are in the midst of a revolution in understanding how climate has changed in the past and how those changes have transformed human existence. Researchers have begun to piece together an illuminating picture of the powerful geological and astronomical forces that have combined to change the planet’s environment from hot to cold, wet to dry and back again over a time period stretching back hundreds of millions of years.Most importantly, scientists are beginning to realize that the climatic changes have had a major impact on the evolution of the human species. New research now suggests that climate shifts have played a key role in nearly every significant turning point in human evolution: from the dawn of primates （灵长目动物）some 65 million years ago to human ancestors rising up to walk on two legs, from the huge expansion of the human brain to the rise of agriculture. Indeed, the human history has not been merely touched by global climate change, some scientists argue, it has in some instances been driven by it.The new research has profound implications for the environmental summit in Rio. Among other things, the findings demonstrate that dramatic climate change is nothing new for planet Earth. The benign （宜人的）global environment that has existed over the past 10,000 years—during which agriculture, writing, cities and most other features of civilization appeared—is a mere bright spot in a much larger pattern of widely varying climate over the ages. In fact, the pattern of climate change in the past reveals that Earth’s climate will almost certainly go through dramatic changes in the future—even without the influence of human activity.
1. Farming emerged as a survival strategy because man had been obliged（ ）.2. Earth scientists have come to understand that climate（ ）.3. Scientists believe that human evolution（ ）.4. Evidence of past climatic changes indicates that（ ）.5. The message the author wishes to convey in the passage is that（ ）.
A.to give up his former way of life B.to leave the coastal areas C.to follow the ever-shifting vegetation D.to abandon his original settlement问题2： A.is going through a fundamental change B.has been getting warmer for 10,000 years C.will eventually change from hot to cold D.has gone through periodical changes问题3： A.has seldom been accompanied by climatic changes B.has exerted little influence on climatic changes C.has largely been affected by climatic changes D.had had a major impact on climatic changes问题4： A.human activities have accelerated changes of Earth’s environment B.Earth’s environment will remain mild despite human interference C.Earth’s climate is bound to change significantly in the future D.Earth’s climate is unlikely to undergo substantial changes in the future问题5： A.human civilization remains glorious though it is affected by climatic changes B.mankind is virtually helpless in the face of the dramatic changes of climate C.man has to limit his activities to slow down the global warming process D.human civilization will continue to develop in spite of the changes of nature -
When global warming finally came, it stuck with a vengeance (异乎寻常的). In some regions, temperatures rose several degrees in less than a century Sea levels shot up nearly 400 feet flooding coastal settlements and forcing people to migrate inland. Deserts spread throughout the world as vegetation shifted drastically in North America, Europe and Asia. After driving many of the animals around them to near extinction, people were forced to abandon their old way of life for a radically new survival strategy that resulted in widespread starvation and disease. The adaptation was farming: the global-warming crisis that gave rise to it happened more than 10,000 years ago.As environmentalists convene in Rio de Janeiro this week to ponder the global climate of the future, earth scientists are in the midst of a revolution in understanding how climate has changed in the past-and how those changes have transformed human existence. Researchers have begun to piece together an illuminating picture of the powerful geological and astronomical forces that have combined to change the planes environment from hot to cold, wet to dry and back again over a time period stretching back hundreds of millions of years.Most important scientists are beginning to realize that the climatic changes have had a major impact on the evolution of the human species. New research now suggests that climate shifts have played a key role in nearly every significant turning point in human evolution: from the dawn of primates (灵长目动物) some 65 million years ago to human ancestors rising up to walk on two legs from the huge expansion of the human brain to the rise of agriculture. Indeed, the human history has not been merely touched by global climate change, some scientists argue, it has in some instances been driven by it.The new research has profound implications for the environment summit in Rio. Among other things, the findings demonstrate that dramatic climate change is nothing new for planet Earth. The benign(宜人的) global environment that has existed over the past 10,000 years—during which agriculture writing, cities and most other features of civilization appeared—is a mere bright spot in a much larger pattern of widely varying climate over the ages. In fact, the pattern of climate change in the past reveals that Earth’s climate will almost certainly go through dramatic changes in the future—even without the influence of human activity.41. Farming emerged as a survival strategy because man had been obliged（ ）.42. Earth scientists have come to understand that climate（ ）.43. Scientists believe that human evolution（ ）.44. Evidence of past climatic changes indicates that（ ）.45. The message the author wishes to convey in the passage is that（ ）.
A.to give up his former way of life B.to leave the coastal areas C.to follow the ever-shifting vegetation D.to abandon his original settlement
问题2：
A.is going through a fundamental change B.has been getting warmer for 10,000 years C.will eventually change from hot to cold D.has gone through periodical changes
问题3：
A.has seldom been accompanied by climatic changes B.has exerted little influence on climatic changes C.has largely been affected by climatic changes D.has had a major impact on climatic changes
问题4：
A.human activities have accelerated changes of Earth’s environment B.Earth’s environment will remain mild despite human interference C.Earth’s climate is bound to change significantly in the future D.Earth’s climate is unlikely to undergo substantial changes in the future
问题5：
A.human civilization remains glorious though it is affected by climatic changes B.mankind is virtually helpless in the face of the dramatic changes of climate C.man bas to limit his activities to slow down the global warming process D.human civilization will continue to develop in spite of the changes of nature