阅读文本材料和相关要求，回答第19小题。刘成章《安塞腰鼓》原文一群茂腾腾的后生。他们的身后是一片高梁地。他们朴实得就像那片高粱。噬溜溜的南风吹动了高梁叶子，也吹动了他们的衣衫。他们的神情沉稳而安静。紧贴在他们身体一侧的腰鼓，呆呆的，似乎从来不曾响过。但是：看！一一一捶起来就发狠了，忘情了，没命了！百十个斜背响鼓的后生，如百十块被强震不断击起的石头，狂舞在你的面前。骤雨一样，是急促的鼓点；旋风一样，是飞扬的流苏；乱蛙一样，是蹦跳的脚步；火花一样，是闪射的瞳仁；斗虎一样，是强健的风姿。黄土高原上，爆出一场多么壮阔、多么豪放、多么火烈的舞蹈哇——安塞腰鼓！这腰鼓，使冰冷的空气立即变得燥热了，使恬静的阳光立即变得飞溅了，使困倦的世界立即变得亢奋了。使人想起：落日照大旗，马鸣风萧萧！使人想起：千里的雷声万里的闪！使人想起：晦暗了又明晰、明晰了又晦暗、尔后最终永远明晰了的大彻大悟！容不得束缚，容不得羁绊，容不得闭塞。是挣脱了、冲破了、撞开了的那么一股劲！好一个安塞腰鼓！百十个腰鼓发出的沉重响声，碰撞在四野长着酸枣树的山崖上，山崖蓦然变成牛皮鼓面了，只听见隆隆，隆隆，隆隆。百十个腰鼓发出的沉重响声，碰撞在遗落了一切冗杂的观众的心上，观众的心也蓦然变成牛皮鼓面了，也是隆隆，隆隆，隆隆。隆隆隆隆的豪壮的抒情，隆隆隆隆的严峻的思索，隆隆隆隆的攀尖翻起的杂着草根的土浪，隆隆隆隆的阵痛的发生和排解……好一个安塞腰鼓！后生们的胳膊、腿、全身，有力地搏击着，疾速地搏击着，大起大落地搏击着。它震撼着你，烧灼着你，威逼着你。它使你从来没有如此鲜明地感受到生命的存在、活跃和强盛。它使你惊异于那农民衣着包裹着的躯体，那消化着红豆角角老南瓜的躯体，居然可以释放出那么奇伟磅礴的能量！黄土高原啊，你生养了这些元气淋漓的后生；也只有你，才能承受如此惊心动魄的搏击！多水的江南是易碎的玻璃，在那儿，打不得这样的腰鼓。除了黄土高原，哪里再有这么厚这么厚的土层啊！好一个黄土高原！好一个安塞腰鼓！每一个舞姿都充满了力量。每一个舞姿都呼呼作响。每一个舞姿都是光和影的匆匆变幻。每一个舞姿都使人战栗在浓烈的艺术享受中，使人叹为观止。好一个痛快了山河、蓬勃了想象力的安塞腰鼓！愈捶愈烈！形体成了沉重而又纷飞的思绪！愈捶愈烈！思绪中不存任何隐秘！念捶愈烈！痛苦和欢乐，生活和梦幻，摆脱和追求，都在这舞姿和鼓点中，交织！旋转！凝聚！奔突！辐射！翻飞！升华！人，成了茫茫一片；声，成了茫茫一片……当它夏然而止的时候，世界出奇地寂静，以至使人感到对她十分陌生了。简直像来到另一个星球。耳畔是一声渺远的鸡啼。研讨与练习一、这篇文章运用大量短句，来营造激越的气氛。反复朗读全文，注意句与句、段与段之间的联系，读出文章的气势。二、联系上下文，品味语句，回答括号中的问题。1.容不得束缚，容不得羁绊，容不得闭塞。是挣脱了、冲破了、撞开了的那么一股劲！（“那么一股劲”要“挣脱”“冲破”“撞开”什么？是什么“束缚”“羁绊”“闭塞”了“那么一股劲”？）2.它使你惊异于那农民衣着包裹着的躯体，那消化着红豆角角老南瓜的躯体，居然可以释放出那么奇伟磅礴的能量！（过着贫困生活的农民，哪里来的这么强大的力量？）3.多水的江南是易碎的玻璃，在那儿，打不得这样的腰鼓。（为什么“多水的江南”打不得这样的腰鼓？）4.耳畔是一声渺远的鸡啼。（为什么听到这样的“鸡啼”？）三、本文大量使用了排比和反复的修辞方法，语言气势充沛，节奏鲜明，感情强烈。排比是把结构相同或相似、语气一致、意思密切关联的一组句子或词语排列起来，以增强语势，加深感情的一种修辞手法。例如“痛苦和欢乐，生活和梦幻，摆脱和追求，都在这舞姿和鼓点中，交织！旋转！凝聚！奔突！辐射！翻飞！升华！”反复是为了突出某个意思，强调某种感情，特意重复某个词语或句子的修辞手法。在本文中，它常常是与排比结合起来使用的。例如“容不得束缚，容不得羁绊，容不得闭塞。”试从课文中找出一段单用排比的和一段综合运用排比和反复的文字，仔细体会它们的表达效果。单元导语本单元是反映精神文化生活的，选编的是与文化艺术有关的文章。本单元重点：体会人类的勤劳、智慧、对美的追求。体会文章准确而生动的词语，进一步理解说明文语言的特点。懂得描写事物要抓住特点，在观察时抓住事物的特点。说话注意运用多种修辞手法，把话说得生动形象。了解民族文化中最朴实的一部分，用合理恰当的语言表达对事物的描述与描绘，培养一定的审美情趣。课文导语舞！舞！舞！忘情地奔放，狂野地倾泻，西北汉子的安塞腰鼓，带给我们力量的奔腾，生命的升华。让我们大声朗读这篇文章，体会它那恢宏的气势，跟上它那铿锵的节奏，让我们的心灵随之激荡吧。《义务教育语文课程标准（2011年版）》的相关要求在通读课文的基础上，理清思路，理解、分析主要内容，体味和推敲重要词句在语言环境中的意义和作用。欣赏文学作品，有自己的情感体验，初步领悟作品的内涵，从中获得对自然、社会、人生的有益启示。对作品中感人的情境和形象，能说出自己的体验；品味作品中富有表现力的语言。学生情况八年级，班级人数50人。课时安排1课时教学条件教室配有多媒体设备，能够演示PPT，播放视频、音频文件等。问题：请完成研讨与练习第二题。（20分）

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• Passage 2The subject of ballads, books and films, Robin Hood has proven to be one of popular culture's most enduring folk heroes. Over the course of 700 years, the outlaw from Nottinghamshire who robs the rich to give to the poor has emerged as one of the most enduring folk heroes in popular culture--and one of the most versatile. But how has the legend of Sherwood Forest's merry outlaws evolved over time? Did a real Robin Hood inspire these classic tales?Beginning in the 15th century and perhaps even earlier, Christian revelers in certain parts of England celebrated May Day with plays and games involving a Robin Hood figure with near-religious significance. In the 19th century, writer-illustrators like Howard Pyle adapted the traditional tales for children, popularizing them in the United States and around the world. More recently, bringing Robin to the silver screen has become a rite of passage for directors ranging from Michael Curtiz and Ridley Scott to Terry Gilliam and Mel Brooks.Throughout Robin's existence, writers, performers and filmmakers have probed their imaginations for new incarnations that resonate with their respective audiences. In 14th-century England, where agrarian discontent had begun to chip away at the feudal system, he appears as ananti-establishment rebel who murders government agents and wealthy landowners. Later variations from times of less social upheaval dispense with the gore and cast Robin as a dispossessed aristocrat with a heart of gold and a love interest, Maid Marian.Academics, meanwhile, have combed the historical record for evidence of a real Robin Hood. English legal records suggest that, as early as the 13th century, "Robehod," "Rabunhod" and other variations had become common epithets for criminals. But what had inspired these nicknames: a fictional tale, an infamous bandit or an amalgam of both? The first literary references to Robin Hood appear in a series of 14th-and 15th-century ballads about a violent yeoman who lived in Sherwood Forest with his men and frequently clashed with the Sheriff of Nottingham. Rather than a peasant, knight or fallen noble, as in later versions, the protagonist of these medieval stories is a commoner. Little John and Will Scarlet are part of this Robin's "merry" crew-meaning, at the time, an outlaw's gang-but Maid Marian, Friar Tuck and Alan-a-Dale would not enter the legend until later, possibly as part of the May Day rituals.While most contemporary scholars have failed to turn up solid clues, medieval chroniclers took for granted that a historical Robin Hood lived and breathed during the 12th or 13th century. The details of their accounts vary widely, however, placing him in conflicting regions and eras. Not until John Major's History of Greater Britain (1521), for example, is he depicted as a follower of King Richard, one of his defining characteristics in modern times.We may never know for sure whether Robin Hood ever existed outside the verses of ballads and pages of books. And even if we did, fans, young and old, would still surely flock to England's Nottinghamshire region for a tour of the legend's alleged former hangouts, from centuries-old pubs to the Major Oak in Sherwood Forest. What we do know is that the notion of a brave rebel who lives on the outskirts of society, fighting injustice and oppression with his band of companions, has universal appeal-whether he's played by Erroll Flynn, Russell Crowe or even, as on a 1979 episode of The Muppet Show, Kermit the Frog.Which of the following methods is used by the author in elaborating his points?

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