The ordinary family in colonial North America was primarily concerned with sheer physical survival and beyond that, is own economic prosperity. Thus, children were valued in terms of their productivity, and they assumed the role of producer quite early. Until they fulfilled this role, their position in the structure of the family was one of subordination and their psychological needs and capacities received little consideration. As the society became more complex, the status of children in the family and in the society became more important. In the complex, technological society that the United States has become, each member must fulfill a number of personal and occupational roles and be in constant contact with a great many other members. Consequently, viewing children as potentially acceptable and necessarily multifaceted members of society means that they are regarded more as people in their own right than as utilitarian organisms. This acceptance of children as equal participants in the contemporary family is reflected in the variety of statutes protecting the rights of children and in the social and public welfare programs devoted exclusively to their well-being. This new view of children and the increasing contact between the members of society has also resulted in a surge of interest in child-rearing techniques. People today spend a considerable portion of their time conferring on the proper way to bring up children. It is now possible to influence the details of the socialization of another person's child by spreading the gospel of current and fashionable theories and methods of child rearing. The socialization of the contemporary child in the United States is a two-way transaction between parent and child rather than a one-way, parent-to-child training program. As a consequence, socializing children and living with them over a long period time is for parents a mixture of pleasure, satisfaction, and problems.
Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A．The Place of Children in United States Society
B．The Children of Colonial North American
C．The Development of Cultural Values
D．The Child as a Utilitarian Organism
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根据下面材料，回答下列各题。 Uke a tired marriage．the relationship between libraries and publishers has long been reassuringly dull．E—books，however，are causing heartache． Libraries know they need digital wares if they are to remain relevant，but many publishers are too careful about piracy and lost sales to c0．operate．Among the big six．only Random House and HarperCollins license e-books with most libraries．The others have either denied requests or are reluctantly experimenting． Publishers are wise to be nervous．Owners of e．readers are exactly the customers they need：book—lovers with money-neither the devices nor broadband connections come cheap．If these wonderful people switch to borrowing e-books instead of buying them，what then? Electronic borrowing is awfully convenient．Unlike printed books．which must be checked out and returned to a physical library miles from where you live，book files can be downloaded at home．Digital library catalogues are often browsed at night．from a comfortable sofa．The files disappear from the device when they are due． Awkwardly for publishers，buying an e—book costs more than renting one but offers little extra value． You cannot resell it。lend it to a friend or burn it to stay warm．Owning a book is useful if you want to savour(品尝)it repeatedly，but who reads“Fifty Shades of Grey”twice? E-1ending is not simple．however．There are lots of different and often incompatible e-book formats，devices and licences．Most libraries use a company called OverDrive，a global distributor that secures rights from publishers and provides e-books and audio files in every format．Yet publishers and libraries are worried by OverDrive’s market dominance，as the company can increasingly dictate fees and conditions． Library boosters argue that book borrowers are also book buyers，and that libraries are vital spaces for readers to discover new work．Many were．cheered by a recent Pew survey，which found that more than half of Americans with Hbrary cards say they prefer to buy their e-books．But the report also noted that few people know that e-books are available at most libraries，and that popular titles often involve long waiting lists，which may be what inspires people to buy． So publishers keep adjusting their lending arrangements in：search of the right balance．Random House raised its licensing prices earlier this year，and Harper Collins limits libraries to lending its titles 26 times． Hachita is engaged in some secret experiments，and the others are watching with held breath．In Britain the government will soon announce a review of the matter．The story of the library e-book is a nail-biter． What can be inferred from the fast paragraph?
A.Libraries are eager to keep relationship with publishers．
B.Several publishers have sold e-books to most libraries．
C.Libraries care too much about piracy and book sales．
D.Most publishers hesitate to cooperate with libraries．
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Section A
Directions:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select out one word for each blank from a lot of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Small communities, with their distinctive character—where life is stable and intensely human—are disappearing. Some have __26____ from the face of the earth, others are dying slowly, but all have ___27___ changes as they have come into contact with an ___28___ machine civilization. The merging of diverse peoples into a common mass has produced tension among members of the minorities and the majority alike.
The Old Order Amish, who arrived on American shores in colonial times, have ___29___ in the modern world in distinctive, small communities. They have resisted the homogenization ___30___ more successfully than others. In planting and harvest times one can see their bearded men working the fields with horses and their women hanging out the laundry in neat rows to dry. Many American people have seen Amish families with the men wearing broad-brimmed black hats and the women in long dresses. In railway or bus ___31___.Although the Amish have lived with ___32___ America for over two and a half centuries. They have moderated its influence on their personal lives, their families, communities, and their values.
The Amish are often ___33___ by other Americans to be relics of the past who live a simple, inflexible life dedicated to inconvenient out-dated customs. They are seen as abandoning both modem ___34___ and the American dream of success and progress, But most people have no quarrel with the Amish for doing things the old-fashioned way. Their conscientious objection was tolerated in wartime. For after all. They are good farmers who ___35___ the virtues of work and thrift.
A)accessing I)progress
B)conveniences J)respective
C)destined K)survived
D)expanding L)terminals
E)industrialized M)undergone
F)perceived N)universal
G)practice O)vanished
H)process
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Failure in a required subject may result in the ________ of a diploma.
A) refusal
B) betrayal
C) denial
D) burial
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At first, the______ of color pictures over a long distance seemed impossible, but, with painstaking efforts and at great expense, it became a reality.
A．transaction
B．transmission
C．transformation
D．transition
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根据下面资料，回答下列各题。 Many bankers may be worried about whether some fancy product dreamed up might yet lead to a visit from the police. Daniel Dantas, a financier, who has profited by operating at the middle place where business and government meet in Brazil, has been opening the door to find the police outside for much of the past decade. On December 2nd he was convicted of a less sophisticated crime: trying to bribe police officers. Mr. Dantas, who has acquired great notoriety in Brazil, was fined $ 5 million and sentenced to ten years in prison. He has appealed against his conviction. The charge stems from a police investigation into money-laundering (洗钱)known as Operation Satiagraha. It grew out of a previous investigation into Mr. Dantas use of Kroll, a security consultancy, to watch over his business partners. During this investigation the police seized a computer from Opportunity, Mr. Dantass investment bank, which contained data from the mid-1990s to 2004 and apparently showed suspicious movements of money. The judge found that Mr. Dantas tried to pay bribes, via two go-betweens, to keep his name out of the Satiagraha investigation. A man fitted with a bugging device was offered $1 million in cash, with another $ 4 million to follow, the police say. They claim that Mr. Dantass trick involved money travelling to the Cayman Islands, then via the British Virgin Islands to an account in Ireland, on to Delaware, and then re-entering Brazil as foreign investment. For Mr. Dantas his crime is a steep fall from grace. A man who sleeps little and socializes less, he is a vegetarian and self-made billionaire, a gifted financier who has serially fallen out with his business partners. He once controlled a large telecoms firm, acting for investors who included Citigroup. He says he is the victim of a conspiracy mounted by the government. It is Mr. Dantas supposed influence in government circles that has added to his notoriety. During the1990s, when many state-owned businesses were privatized, Mr. Dantas positioned himself as the man with the needed expertise and contacts. He enjoyed easy access to the government of President Femando Henrique Cardoso, including meetings with the president himself. That influence carried through into the government of President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva. Mr. Dantas is alleged to have been one of the funders of a cash-for-votes scheme in Brazils Congress mounted by leaders of Lulas Workers Party in 2003-2004. Many of those who have had dealings with Mr. Dantas insist that these have been legitimate and conducted in good faith. They include Luiz Eduardo Greenhalgh, a lawyer and PT politician, whom he hired as a consultant. What kind of crime was Daniel Dantas convicted of according to the passage?
A.A crime quite experienced and tactful.
B.A crime by operating at the middle place.
C.A crime attempting to temper police to work for him.
D.A crime in money-laundering.