Parents have to show due concerns to their children's creativity and emotional out-put; otherwise what they think beneficial to the kids might probably __ their enthusiasm and aspirations.
A．hold back
B．hold to
C．hold down
D．hold over
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I was introduced to the concept of literacy animator in Oladumi Arigbede's （1994) article on high illiteracy rates among women and school dropout rates among girls. According to Arigbede, literacy animators view their role as assisting in the self-liberating development of people in the world who are struggling for a more meaningful life. Animators are a family of deeply concerned and committed people whose gut-level rejection of mass human pauperization compels them to intervene on the side of the marginalized. Their motivation is not derived from a love of literacy as merely another technical life skill, and they accept that literacy is never culturally or ideologically neutral.
Arigbede writes from her experiences as an animator working with women and men in Nigeria. She believes that literacy animators have to make a clear choice about whose culture and whose ideology will be fostered among those with whom they work. Do literacy educators in the United States consider whether the instruction they pursue conflicts with their students' traditional cultures or community, or fosters illiteracies in learners' first or home languages or dialects and. in their orality？
Some approaches to literacy instruction represent an ideology of individualism, control, and competition. Consider, for example, the difference in values conveyed and represented when students engage in choral reading versus the practice of having one student read out loud to the group. To identify as a literacy animator is to choose the ideology of "sharing, solidarity, love, equity, co-operation with and respect of both nature and other human beings". Literacy pedagogy that matches the animator ideology works on maintaining the languages and cultures of millions of minority children who at present are being forced to accept the language and culture of the dominant group. It might lead to assessment that examines the performance outcomes of a community of literacy learners and the social significance of their uses of literacy, as opposed to measuring what an individual can do as a reader and writer on a standardized test. Shor （1993) describes literacy animators as problerm-posing, community-based, dialogic educators. Do our teacher-education textbooks on reading and language arts promote the idea that teachers should explore problems from a community-based dialogic perspective？
A literacy animator is one who ______.
A．struggles for a more meaningful life
B．frees people from poverty and illiteracy
C．is committed to marginalize the illiterate
D．is concerned with what is behind illiteracy -
On a Summer evening it is __ to hear the joyful sound of the shepherd's flute floating across the valley.
A．treacherous
B．enchanting
C．rash
D．furtive -
The writer feels that as an adult one must ______.
A．achieve one's ambitions at all costs
B．continue to be ambitious
C．find a compromise between ambition and reality
D．give up all one's earlier ambitions -
According to the writer, most scientists who had helped in making the A-bomb considered that it should not be used against the Japanese because ______.
A．it was such a dangerous weapon
B．its use against the Japanese was unnecessary
C．it was a very inhumane weapon
D．the German war was finished -
The writer maintains that fantasies ______.
A．satisfy ambition
B．lessen ambition
C．stimulate ambition
D．frustrate ambition