D What's your earliest childhood memory？ Can you remember the first time you heard thunder or watched a television program？ Adults seldom recall events much earlier than the year or so before entering school, just as children younger than three or four rarely retain any memory of specific, personal experiences. A variety of explanations have been proposed by psychologists for this "childhood amnesia"（记忆缺失,健忘).One argues that the hippocampus, the region of the brain which is responsible for forming memories, does not mature（成熟）until about the age of two. But the most popular theory maintains （主张）that, since adults do not think like children, they cannot access childhood memories. Adults think in
words, and their life memories are like stories. But when they search through their mental files for early childhood memories to add to this verbal life story, they don't find any that fit the pattern. It's like trying to find a Chinese word in an English dictionary. Now psychologist Annette Simms offers a new explanation for childhood amnesia. She argues that there simply aren't any early childhood memories to recall. According to Dr. Simms, children need to learn to use someone else's spoken description of their personal experiences in order to turn their own short-term, quickly forgotten impressions of these experiences into long-term memories. In other words, children have to talk about their experiences and hear others talk about them - Mother talking about the afternoon spent looking for crabs（蟹) at the beach or Dad asking them about their day at Ocean Park. Without this verbal reinforcement, says Dr. Simms, children cannot form permanent memories of their personal experiences.
A. it is impossible for an
adult to recall his（or her) childhood experiences B. adults virtually have no access to their childhood memories C. adults think in words while children think in images D. adults and children have different brain structures
A. Chinese and English are totally different languages B. it is unlikely to find a Chinese word in an English dictionary C. adults and children have different memory patterns D. memories are in some way connected with languages
According to Annette Simms,_______.A. verbal reinforcement is necessary for children to have permanent memories B. there does not exist such things as childhood memories C. children's brains are mature enough to form permanent memories D. children are generally inexperienced and unable to remember things they don't understand
相关问题推荐
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One day, four lawyers were riding their horses along a country road. There had been a rain. Water was dripping（滴) from the trees, and the grass was wet. They rode slowly, talking and laughing. Suddenly they heard some noises from the tree above them. “What is the matter？” asked the first lawyer. “Oh, it’s only some old birds!” said the second lawyer. “The storm made one of the babies fall out of the nest. It is too young to fly, and the mother bird is very worried.” “What a pity! It’ll die down there in the grass,” said the third lawyer. “It doesn’t matter. It’s only a bird,” said the second lawyer. Then they rode on, talking and laughing as before. But the fourth lawyer, whose name was Abraham Lincoln, stopped. He got down from his horse and took the little one in his big warm hands. “Never mind, my little fellow,” said Mr. Lincoln. “I will put you back in your little nest.” He climbed up the tree and put the bird softly into their warm little home. A few minutes later, Mr. Lincoln joined them again. His shoes were covered with mud and he was wet. Then the other three laughed at him. They thought it was foolish for a strong man to do so much just for a young bird. “Gentlemen,” said Mr. Lincoln, “I could not sleep tonight if I had left the helpless bird in the grass.” Later Abraham Lincoln became very famous as a lawyer. He also became the president of America. He was one of the greatest American presidents.
The reason why the mother bird was worried was that ______.A. there was a rain B. the lawyers were under its tree C. one of its babies fell out of the nest D. it could not fly
We can learn about the other three lawyers from the passage that ______.A. the second lawyer was kind B. they were all cold-hearted C. they did something to save the baby bird D. the third lawyer put the bird into its nest
The underlined phrase “little fellow” in paragraph 2 means ______.A. the mother bird B. Lincoln’s little friends C. the other three lawyers D. the baby bird
The other three lawyers laughed at Lincoln because ______.A. he climbed the tree B. he was wet C. his shoes were covered with mud D. they thought it foolish for him to do so
From the passage we know Lincoln ______.A. liked riding horses B. was very kind and loved birds and animals C. liked being laughed at D. wanted to be the president of America then
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完形填空（共20小题；每小题1 5分，共30分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
I believe in miracles（奇迹)because I've seen so many of them．One day，a patient was referred to me who was one hundred and two years old．“There’s a 36 in my upper jaw，”she said．“I told my own dentist it's nothing，but he 37 I come to see you”
Her eighty-year-old son accompanied her．He would 38 to add something，but she stopped him．She wanted to tell everything herself．I found a large cancer that spread over much of the
39 of her mouth．A careful examination later 40 that it was a particularly bad sort of cancer．
During her next appointment，I explained to her the 41 of the problem She clasped my
hand in hers and said，“I know you’re worried about me，but I’m just 42．”
I thought otherwise．After considerable 43 on my part，and kindness on her part because she wanted to 44 me，she agreed to have me refer her to a cancer surgeon．She saw him，but as I expected， 45 treatment．
About six months later she returned to my office，still energetic and 46 ．
“How are you？”I asked．
“I’m just fine，honey，”she responded 47 high spirits．“When can I get stared on fixing
my dentures（假牙)？”
Surprised to see her at all，I answered 48 ，“Let me take a look in your mouth and we’ll
see about it. ”
I couldn’t believe my eyes．The cancer that had 49 nearly the entire roof of her mouth was gone—only one small area of redness 50．
I had read of such things happening，but had 51 seen them with my own eyes．That was my first miracle．Since then I've seen many others，because they keep getting 52 to see．In fact，miracles are daily events for me now．And people are n miracle， 53 through them we have a chance to know ourselves and to 54 the miracles of one another．
Since my first miracle，I've come to understand that the time and place for a miracle is 55 we choose to find it．
36．A．cut B．pain C．wound D．cancer
37．A．declared B．suspected C．promised D．insisted
38．A．refuse B．continue C．attempt D．manage
39．A．roof B．coiner C．bottom D．surface
40．A．confirmed B．convinced C．considered D．concluded
41．A．possibility B．importance C．seriousness D．resolution
42．A．old B．sick C．fine D．glad
43．A．permission B．support C．approval D．effort
44．A．persuade B．please C．encourage D．astonish
45．A．declined B．provided C．received D．required
46．A．healthy B．elegant C．optimistic D．humorous
47．A．to B．in C．with D．by
48．A．worriedly B．confusedly C．patiently D．confidently
49．A．covered B．reached C．spread D．grown
50．A．cured B．faded C．expanded D．remained
51．A．ever B．also C．never D．already
52．A．easier B．rarer C．happier D．closer
53．A．or B．so C．yet D．for
54．A．read B．make C．keep D．see
55．A．whatever B．wherever C．whoever D．whichever -
Friends and Buddies
If you have free time only on Saturday, you can go to ______.
This program is planned for teenagers who have special needs with the goal of meeting within a community with other peers（同龄人). The purpose of the program is that it will lead to a better understanding of friendships. Gym, Swim, Surprise Guest, and Pizza are included. Ages 12-18, numbers of members are limited. Contact: Gloria Bass. This program is held 2 Fridays per month. Fees: $65/$85 Club Saturday Swim This program is available to anyone aged 5-14 who is challenged by mental, physical, or emotional trouble. The program will be held each Saturday afternoon, 12:00-12:30 pm or 12: 30-1:00 pm. Fees: $136/$260 Sibshops （Ages 10-13) Sibshops is a program for siblings（兄弟姊妹) of children with challenges. It includes group activities and talk treatment ways with the focus on improving sibling relationships and whole family happiness. Location: Hope Church, Wilton CT. Wednesday: 4:00-5:00 pm. Fees: $50/$65 Banana Splits Banana Splits is an educational support group for children in family trouble. Children aged 9-13 will have the opportunity to meet other children whose parents have separated or divorced, learn to recognize feelings, think of healthy coping skills and have a place to share their struggles through verbal（语言的), physical, and artistic experiences. Location: Hope Church, Wilton CT. Tuesday:4:30-5:30 pm. Fees: $50/$65A. Friends and Buddies B. Club Saturday Swim C. Sibshops （Ages 10-13) D. Banana Splits
Activities on how to lead to a better understanding of friendships are held ______.A. 2 Fridays per month B.12:00-12:30 or 12:30-1:00, Saturday afternoon C.4:00-5:00 pm, Wednesday D.4:30-5:30 pm, Tuesday
If you go to Sibshops （Ages 10-13) , you can ______.A. meet with other peers B. solve your mental problem C. improve sibling relationships D. think of healthy coping skills
Which of the following is TRUE according to the four passages？A. They are all in the same place. B. They are all free of charge. C. They all hold activities each week. D. They are all intended for children.
The purpose of this passage is to ______.A. help children deal with their trouble B. encourage children to be happy and brave C. list some problems children meet with D. advertise some programs for children
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“Love your neighbor as yourself”is a saying familiar to most of us. It means that you must have he ability to love and accept yourself in order to form and keep satisfying relationship with others self-esteem means accepting yourself for who you really are, and believing that you are indeed a worthwhile person who is deserving of love and respect from others. Self-esteem is our sense of how good we feel about ourselves. It is based on our judgment of ourselves, not on other people's assessment, but simply on our own. Our self-esteem is not dependant on our talent. Some very ordinary people feel very good about themselves, while other extraordinarily high achievers hold low opinions of themselves. Self-esteem is the primary key to long-term stress management. Why？ The first three sources of stress are: predictable life event, unexpected changes and build-up of daily stresses, These are much easier to handle when we believe in ourselves, A positive, healthy self-esteem gives us the “hardiness”（强健) to deal with the difficulties of life, and to see them as challenges to be met, rather than threats to be feared. The forth category of stress is entirely the result of a low self-esteem. It is the category of stress that is most common and tiring over the long run. This kind of stress cannot be overcome, or even changed, until the self-esteem problems that cause it are corrected. Learning to love yourself for who you are is the key to overcoming stress. Self-esteem comes form the self, and cannot be promoted by others. A person who feels that his self-esteem comes from the approval of those around him or her is bound to self-destruct（自毁), One cannot keep the level of “performance” required to please everyone else, especially if that performance disagrees with who you are and is simply a facade that makes you popular with the world. When the applause is gone, there is nothing left. Only those who can feel the strength of knowing who they are and those who can feel good about that will survive the stresses of life. Self-esteem is the basis of contentment and positive living. 小题1:What is self-esteem？
A．A kind of positive lifestyle.
B．The impression we have on other people.
C．Our sense of how good we feel about ourselves.
D．Our understanding of how we are seen by others.小题2:What is the key to overcoming stress according to the passage？
A．Removing yourself from stressful situation．
B．Learning to love yourself for who you are．
C．Facing the stress and dealing with it．
D．Getting help from friends．小题3:What does the underlined word "facade" （in Para 5） mean？
A．A false appearance．
B．A big worry．
C．A wrong action．
D．A strange feeling．小题4:The passage is written to ______．
A．tell people how to overcome stress
B．help people form good relationship with others
C．show the importance of feeling good about yourself
D．provide the different methods to get a clear view of yourself
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For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
A. anxious B. eager C. determined D. worriedA. family B. legal C. academic D. moralA. evolve B. stay C. remain D. worsenA. process B. procedure C. development D. movementA. called B. appointed C. entitled D. offeredA. awkward B. uneasy C. unnatural D. insensitiveA. once B. already C. still D. neverA. through B. throughout C. at the beginning D. in the endA. chart B. head C. describe D. manageA. opinion B. request C. permission D. promiseA. Even if B. Although C. If D. WhenA. Naturally B. Instead C. Consequently D. PeacefullyA. Once again B. Now and then C. Hopefully D. SurprisinglyA. count on B. account for C. call on D. appeal toA. earnest B. worried C. fortunate D. desperate
Until I took Dr. Offutt’s class, I was an underachieving student. But I left that class
50 _never to underachieve again. He not only taught me to think, he convinced me, as much by examples as words, that it was my _51 obligation to do so and to serve others.
Neither of us could know how our relationship would 52 over the years. When I first came back to DeMatha to teach English, I worked for Dr. Offutt, the department chair. My discussions with him as he mentored me were like graduate seminars in adolescent （青少年) 53 , classroom management and school leadership.
After several years, I was 54 department chair, and our relationship shifted again. I thought that it might be 55 to chair the department, since all of my former English teachers were 56 there, but Dr. Offutt supported me 57 . He knew when to give me advice about curriculum, texts and personnel, and when to let me 58 my own course.
In 1997, I needed his 59 about leaving DeMatha to become principal at another school. 60 he had asked me to stay at DeMatha, I might have. 61 , he encouraged me to seize the new opportunity.
Five years ago, I became the principal of DeMatha. 62 , Dr. Offutt was there for me, letting me know that I could 63 him as I tried to fill such big shoes. I’ve learned from him that great teachers have an inexhaustible wealth of lessons to teach. Even if his students don’t know it yet, I know how 64 they are: I’m still one of them.