“凡真正知道善恶对错之人，必然行善，凡作恶者皆因无知。”下列观点与该句最为契合的是

A.“人是万物的尺度”

B.“认识你自己”

C.“美德即知识”

D.“与上帝直接对话”

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• The liberal view of democratic citizenship that developed in the 17th and 18th centuries was fundamentally different from that of the classical Greeks. The pursuit of private interests, with as little interference as possible from government, was seen as the road to human happiness and progress rather than the public obligations and involvement in the collective community that were emphasized by the Greeks. Freedom was to be realized by limiting the scope of governmental activity and political obligation and not through immersion(专注于) in the collective life of the polis. The basic role of the citizen was to select governmental leaders and keep the powers and scope of public authority in check. In the liberal view, the rights of citizen against the state were the focus of special emphasis.

  Over time, the liberal democratic notion of citizenship developed in two directions. First, there was movement to increase the proportion of members of society who were eligible(合格的) to participate as citizens — especially through extending the right of suffrage(投票)— and to ensure the basic political equality of all. Second, there was a broadening of the legal activities of government and a use of governmental power to put right imbalances in social and economic life. Political citizenship became an instrument through which groups and classes with sufficient numbers of votes could use the state power to enhance their social and economic well-being.

  Within the general liberal view of democratic citizenship, tensions have developed over the degree to which government can and should be used as an instrument for promoting happiness and well-being. Political philosopher Martin Diamond has classified two views of democracy as follows. On the one hand, there is the "libertarian" perspective that stresses the private pursuit of happiness and emphasizes the necessity for restraint on government and protection of individual liberties. On the other hand, there is the "majoritarian' view that emphasizes the "task of the government to uplift and aid the common man against the malefactors(作恶者) of great wealth". The tensions between these two views are very evident today. The tax-payer revolts and calls for smaller government and less government regulation clash with demands for greater government involvement in the economic marketplace and the social sphere.

  The author's primary purpose is to ______.

  A．study ancient concepts of citizenship

  B．contrast different notions of citizenship

  C．criticize modern libertarian democracy

  D．describe the importance of universal suffrage

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• 阅读下面的文字，根据要求作文。（60分)
  2007年弗吉尼亚理工大学发生严重枪击事件，造成包括凶手在内的33人死亡。在遇难者悼念仪式上，敲响33声丧钟，安放33块悼念碑。事后凶手赵承熙家人发表公开致歉声明，很多遇难者家属表示，不原谅他的行为，但是对他的家人表示同情、遗憾。相信他们正生活在恶梦中。
  2004年云南大学学生马加爵因杀害同学而被枪决，种种不光彩的压力让他的家人难以坦然地处理他的后事。马加爵的姐姐在听到弟弟被枪决后绝望地恳求社会和人们：“我们会接受事实，但却有一个请求：请善待我们！”
  任何人作恶都必将遭到惩罚，这是社会的公义和道德准则。对于作恶者的家人和朋友我们该如何对待，在道德、法律、社会公义和个人等层面上引发我们怎样的思考呢？
  对此你有何感想，请选择一个角度，自主确定立意，确定标题，写一篇议论文。不要脱离材料内容及含意的范围作文，不要套作，不得抄袭。

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