Sporting activities are essentially modified forms of hunting behavior. Viewed biologically, the modern footballer is in reality a member of a hunting group. His killing weapon has turned into a harmless football and his prey into a goalmouth. If his aim is accurate and he scores a goal, he enjoys the hunter’s triumph of killing his prey.
To understand how this transformation has taken place we must briefly look back at our forefathers. They spent over a million years evolving(进化) as Cooperative hunters. Their very survival depended on success in the hunting field. Under this pressure their whole way of life, even their bodies, became greatly changed: They became chasers, runners, jumpers, aimers, throwers and prey killers. They cooperated as skillful male group attack.
Then about ten thousand years ago, after this immensely long period of hunting the food, they became farmers. Their improved intelligence, so vital to their old hunting life was put to a new use――that of controlling and domesticating (驯养) their prey. The hunt became suddenly out of date. The food was there on the farms, awaiting their needs. The risks and uncertainties of the hunt were no longer essential for survival.
The skills and thirst for hunting remained, however, and demanded new outlets. Hunting for sport replaced hunting for necessity. This new activity involved all the original hunting sequences(后果), but the aim of the operation was no longer to avoid starvation. Instead the sportsmen set off to test their skill against prey that was no longer essential to their survival. To be sure, the kill may have been eaten, but there were other purposes, much simpler of obtaining a meaty meal.

纠错.


(1) (2分)What is the main idea of the passage?



A. Hunting is very important in human civilization.
B. Sporting activities satisfy the desire of modern society.
C. It’s hunting that provides human beings with food.
D. The importance of sporting activities in modern society.

得分： 2
知识点： 大学英语（上）（2020）

展开解析
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(2) (2分)According to the author, sporting activities______.


A. are essential to the survival
B. have actually developed from hunting
C. evolve as biological development
D. are football games

得分： 0
知识点： 大学英语（上）（2020）

展开解析
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(3) (2分)For over a million years, our forefathers were basically______.


A. skillful sportsmen
B. successful farmers
C. runners and jumpers
D. cooperating hunters

得分： 0
知识点： 大学英语（上）（2020）

展开解析
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(4) (2分)The word"operation" (Par. 4)refers to ______ .


A. sports activities
B. hunting
C. farmers
D. prey killing

得分： 0
知识点： 大学英语（上）（2020）

展开解析
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(5) (2分)Which of the following is true according to the passage?


A. The goalmouth is equal to the weapon in hunting.
B. Without hunting our forefathers couldn’t live.
C. After our forefathers became farmers they still hunted for food.
D. Farmers are satisfied with stable lives and they didn’t have enthusiasm for hunting any more.

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